Decarbonisation Technology - November 2021

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HFO

MSAR

Diesel

bioMSAR

Figure 4 Improved engine efficiency of bioMSAR and MSAR

and cruise line shipping, to trial its MSAR and bioMSAR fuels. The first commercial bioMSAR trial is scheduled with MSC for H1 2022 and, subject to its success and commercial agreement, MSC may seek to further roll out the fuel within its global fleet. Aside from the marine industry, there is potential for bioMSAR application in the power generation sector. Similar to the marine application, bioMSAR could be a valuable low-risk transitionary fuel in regions such as Mexico, which burn HFO for power. This could prove to be a quick method of reducing CO 2 without impacting established fuel and combustion systems. Further benefits to the emission reduction capabilities of bioMSAR will arise from engine optimisation and possibly in the form of a compositional change. The heavy oil component of bioMSAR could be completely replaced by sustainable alternatives, such as lignin, for example, which is commonly sourced as a by-product from paper production. This could create a zero-carbon version of the fuel, which is the ultimate 2030 target set by Quadrise. The appetite for sustainable fuel alternatives is growing across the world, and bioMSAR provides an exciting and novel solution to users’ needs, combining high-performance energy output with immediate, significant emission reduction at low cost. With further innovations a certainty, the future looks bright for bioMSAR and Quadrise.

Figure 3 bioMSAR formulation and testing

type-32, 4-stroke diesel engine. Once again, bioMSAR was tested using diesel as a reference fuel, and performed exceptionally well. Engine efficiency was consistently higher (up to 7%) at loads of 50-90%. Average CO 2 emissions for bioMSAR on a well-to-wake basis were 580g CO 2 /kWh, compared to 782g CO 2 /kWh for diesel, representing a 26% decrease in CO 2 output as a consequence of the renewable component of the fuel as well as its higher efficiency. NOx emissions for bioMSAR were comparable to diesel and HFO. The level of smoke emissions were extremely low, as was unburned hydrocarbon emissions due to efficient combustion of the fuel. No operational issues were experienced when handling and burning the emulsion within the fuel injectors or pumps. There is also scope to improve on these successful test results through optimisation of engine parameters to reduce emissions further. These results represent important steps in demonstrating that this fuel is a viable commercial alternative to fossil fuels in the marine industry. What next for bioMSAR? Earlier this year, Quadrise announced that it had signed a Joint Development Agreement with Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC) Ship Management, a world leader in global container

bioMSAR and MSAR are trademarks of Quadrise.

Jack Williams J.Williams@quadrisefuels.com VIEW REFERENCES