fractionated with HOPS or using a CDU, the overall fuel oil production is excessively high on a crude basis. While Part 1 has discussed basic concepts of crudes to chemicals, Part 2 will expand on the use of hydroprocess- ing technology to maximise the chemicals. References 1 Corma A, Sauvanaud L, Mathieu Y, Al-Bogami S, Bourane A, Al-Ghram M, Direct crude oil cracking for producing chemicals: Thermal cracking modeling, Fuel , 211(1), 726-736, 2018. 2 Masen T, Santos P, TC2CTM – Thermal crude to chemicals – A unique technology maximizing crude to chemicals, ERTC, Madrid, Nov 17-18, 2020. 3 Mukherjee U, Thermal crude to chemicals, EGYPS, Cairo, Egypt, Feb 14-16, 2022. 4 Sundaram K M, Mukherjee U K, Venner R M, Santos P M, Thermal crude to chemicals, presented at the AIChE spring meeting, Houston, March 13-16, 2023. 5 Meenakshi Sundaram K, Froment G F, IEC Fund, 17,174, 1978. 6 Ranzi S, Dente M, Pierucci S, Biardi G, Initial product distributions from pyrolysis of normal and branched paraffins, Ind.Eng.Chem. Fundam. 22, 132-139, 1983. 7 Maddock M J, Improved field condensate cracking trends in industrial application, presented at Refining, LNG and petrochem Asia 92, Dec 1-4, Singapore. 8 Altgelt K H, Boduszynski M M, Composition and Analysis of Heavy Petroleum Fractions, Marcel Deckker, NY, 1994. 9 Maloney D, Sundaram K M, Narayanan R, Zafer Akhras A R (US1407950).
10 Sundaram K M, Mukherjee U, Baldassari M, Thermodynamic model of sediment deposition in the LC-FINING Process, Energy & Fuels, 22, 3226-3236, 2008. Kandasamy M Sundaram is a Technologist responsible for pyrolysis reactors and other process reactor designs. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Madras University, a Master’s in chemical engineering from the Indian Institute of Science, and a PhD from the University of Ghent, Belgium. Email: kandasamy.sundaram@Lummustech.com Ujjal Mukherjee is Chief Technology Officer, responsible for Lummus’ existing portfolio and the development of technologies at the forefront of the energy transition and digitalisation. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from National Institute of Technology, India, a Master’s in chemical and petroleum engineering from ENSPM, France, and a Master’s in business administration from Rutgers University, US. Email: ujjal.mukherjee@lummustech.com Pedro Santos is Technology Director leading the commercial deployment and further technology development of Thermal Crude to Chemicals (TC2C™), a technology co-developed by Saudi Aramco Technologies Company, Lummus Technology, and Chevron Lummus Global. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from the New Jersey Institute of technology, and he has been granted five patents related to crude to chemicals. Email: pedro.santos@lummustech.com Ronald Venner is Chief Business Officer, Clean Fuels, leading the strategic direction and performance of Lummus’ clean fuels and crude-to-chemicals businesses, as well as the company’s joint venture Chevron Lummus Global. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in chemistry and a Master’s in chemical engineering from Manhattan College. Email: ronald.venner@lummustech.com
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