One of the feedstocks evaluated was tall oil. Tall oil is one of the more commonly discussed renewable feeds in refining. It is often of interest to refiners located near paper manufacturers because it is a byproduct of the pulp and paper industry. Parkland and Grace worked together to understand the impacts of tall oil on FCC operations and catalyst. By studying specific contaminants, catalyst impacts, reviewing ACE and DCR yields, performing misci - bility testing, and studying detailed product property shifts (such as sulphur and oxygenates), the collaboration paved the way for tall oil processing. Through the detailed study, Parkland and Grace deter - mined how best to mix tall oil into the FCC feed, how much tall oil could be processed, the likelihood of coke build-up, and potential downstream impacts due to shifting yields of products. The catalyst was also optimised because of the testing to handle the specific contaminants associated with tall oil, to aid in specific reactions to shift product yields, and to shift other, less understood, reactions associated with the renewable feed. Based on this work, tall oil was successfully co-processed in the Parkland FCC in a trial in 2022 and sub- sequently became part of routine operation thereafter. With mounting environmental and regulatory pressure on the refining industry, never has there been a time when getting past the fear of processing renewable feedstocks has been more important than today. Despite the challenges and the often complex and lengthy process, Parkland and Grace are working together to lead the way for the refining industry and intend to have a long-term impact on decar - bonisation efforts in North America and around the world.
DCR is a trademark of W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. ACE is a trademark of Kayser Technology.
References 1 www.eea.europa.eu/ims/greenhouse-gas-emission-intensity-of 2 Catalagram #103: New Opportunities for Co-Processing Renewable Feeds in Refinery Processes. 3 Catalagram #113: Flexible Pilot Plant Technology for Evaluation of Unconventional Feedstocks and Processes. 4 Catalagram #126: Supporting Refinery Sustainability Goals Through the Renewable Feedstock Value Chain. Stefan Brandt is the FCC Marketing Development Director for W. R. Grace & Co. in Worms, Germany, focusing on energy transition. He has more than 22 years of experience in FCC catalyst technology and its application, holding positions in quality control, R&D and technical sales, and service. He holds a Diploma in chemistry from the University of Bochum, Germany and a PhD in chemistry from the same university. He is the co-inventor of one patent and the co-author of five peer-reviewed journal articles and numerous trade press articles. Drey Holder is Sr. Technical Service Manager at W. R. Grace & Co., providing FCC technical support and training to refiners across North America. He has 20 years of experience in the refining and chemical industry, including 12 years at a large US Gulf Coast refinery in mul - tiple roles. He holds a degree in chemical engineering from Louisiana Tech University. Gary Lee is the Low Carbon Strategy Technical Lead at Parkland’s Burnaby Refinery, focusing on R&D and commercialisation of co-pro - cessing. He holds a degree in biological and chemical engineering and works with others in the low-carbon strategy group to develop new advanced low-carbon feedstocks for co-processing.
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