PTQ Q3 2022 Issue

(A)

(B)

(C)

L = 12m P

L = 15m P

L = 10m P

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

(P , Q ) P P

(KN)

Max

Figure 7 Design space of butane stabiliser reactor

reactor size. Either configurations (C) or (D) can be used with minimum pile embedment length (L P )=18m. Conclusions Current design procedures overestimate the reactor’s sup - port system, resulting in an excessive increase in cost. A new economical procedure to design the support system of chem- ical reactors used in the hydrocarbon industry can determine the size of the reactor’s support system for initial cost esti - mates. The finite element method was used to extract essen - tial points for the diagrams. The design parameters required for the foundation and pile supports are illustrated for various loading conditions. The design concepts and the graphical format proposed are effective and lead to significant savings in material cost and engineering design time. References 1 Fogler S H (2016), Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering , 5th Ed, Prentice Hall, USA. 2 Levenspiel O (1998), Chemical Reaction Engineering, 3rd Ed., John Wiley and Sons, USA. 3 Smith J M (1981), Chemical Engineering Kinetics, 3rd Ed., McGraw Hill, USA . 4 Froment G F and Bischoff K B (1990) Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, John Wiley, USA. 5 Martínez J, León E, Baena-Moreno F M, Rodríguez-Galán M, Arroyo- Torralvo F, and Vilches L F (2020), Techno-economic analysis of a mem - brane-hybrid process as a novel low-energy alternative for zero liquid discharge systems. Energy Conversion and Management, 211, 112783. 6 Baena-Moreno F M, Pastor-Pérez L, Wang Q, and Reina T R (2020), Bio-methane and bio-methanol co-production from biogas: A profitabil - ity analysis to explore new sustainable chemical processes. Journal of Cleaner Production , 121909. 7 Abdeen R H, Maizirwan Jami M, Ihsan S, Ismail A, (2016), A review of chemical absorption of carbon dioxide for biogas upgrading, Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering , 24 (6), 693-702. 8 Bartholomew C H and Farrauto R J (2005), Fundamentals of Industrial Catalytic Processes, Chapman and Hall. 9 Badescu V (2020), Optimal design and operation of ammonia decom - position reactors, International Journal of Energy Research , 44 (7), 5360-5384. Osama Bedair, PhD., P.Eng, is senior consultant based in Ontario, Canada.

Figure 6 3D view of butane stabiliser reactor

is (L F )=6m, (B F )= 6m, and (t F )=1m. The octagonal pedestal long side ( β )=1.9m, short side ( α )= 0.8m, and is projected at (D P )= 1.3m. The bottom base plate of the BSR is anchored to the concrete octagonal pedestal using 12 equally spaced anchor bolts. The BSR reactor was designed to withstand a steam-out pressure of (P R )= 170 KPa and a maximum vessel drop pressure = 20 KPa. Figure 7 shows the design space of the BSR support system. Three pile configurations are used: i) Configuration (A) uses 4 piles (m=n=2), ii) configuration (B) uses 6 piles (m=2, n=3), and iii) configuration (C) uses 9 piles (m=n=3). Pile diameter ( Φ P )=750mm is used for all configurations. The data is represented for a reactor height ranging between (H Z )=4-80m. The dashed green line denotes (L P =10m). The feasible design segments of configuration (A), (B) and (C) using (L P )=10 are identified using identical legends. The solid black line is used to represent pile embedment (L P )= 12m and the red dashed line is used for (L P )=15m. Solid circles represent intersection points of (L P =10) with the three configurations (A-C). Values of these points are (10, 0) A , (10, 32) B and (10, 36) C . Similarly, solid triangles are used for piles with (L P =12m). The corresponding inter- secting points are (12, 36) A , (12, 73) B . Finally, plies with (L P =15m) intersect with configuration (A) at (15, 72) A , as shown by solid red circles. The difference in reactors eleva- tions using (L P )=10 and 12 are: 10 [ δ Hz] A-B =22m, 10 [ δ Hz] B-C =34m, 12 [ δ Hz] A-B =37m. If, for example, the height of the reactor is (H Z )=45m, the minimum embedment length for configuration (A)(L P )=15m, for configuration (B)(L P )=12m, and for configuration (C) (L P )=10m. Design example Assume there is a requirement to construct a reactor for an expansion project. Due to space availability, the support size is limited to (L F )=10m, and (B F )=10m. The reactor height is (H Z )=70m and the support parameters are: (t F )=1.2m, ( α )=6.5m, (C 2 )= 2.7m, and (D P )= 2m. Therefore, from Figure 7 , configurations (A) & (B) are not feasible to use for this

PTQ Q3 2022