PTQ Q1 2024 Issue

actual resulting activity increase caused by the acid nature of WCO. Predicted values of gasoline and middle distillates (kero- sene and diesel yields) product yields from the simulation case closely match the actual values from the experimental test run. However, the predicted individual values for ker- osene and diesel do not match the experimental test run values due to different cut points between the experimental test runs and the fractionator built in the simulation case. Hydrogen consumption in the test runs is calculated through the simulation case, showing that accepted hydro- gen consumption rises with an increase in conversion, reaction temperature or WCO content. Finally, an economic analysis of the proposed alternative feed mixtures shows high flexibility during energy market upsets caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This analysis shows that using WLO with studied percentages increases the hydrocracking unit’s net profit (see Figure 7 ). On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states there is no conflict of interest. References 1 El-Sawy M S, Hanafi S A, Ashour F, Aboul-Fotouh T M, Co-hydroprocessing and hydrocracking of alternative feed mixture (vacuum gas oil/waste lubricating oil/waste cooking oil) with the aim of producing high quality fuels, Fuel , Vol 269, pp.117,437, 2020. 2 Inform from website: www.eia.gov/outlooks/steo/archives/apr16.pdf. 3 Elshout R V, Bains C S, Moving up a Tier – Part 2: Upgrading the bot- tom of the barrel, Hydrocarbon Processing, Vol 97 pp.312, 2018. 4 Bezergianni S, Athanasios D, Temperature effect on co-hydroprocess - ing of heavy gas oil-waste cooking oil mixtures for hybrid diesel produc- tion, Fuel, Vol 103, pp.579-584, 2013. 5 Sbaaei E S, Ahmed T S, Predictive modeling and optimization for an industrial Coker Complex Hydrotreating unit – development and a case study, Fuel , Vol 212, pp.61-76, 2018. 6 Naderi H, Shokri S, Ahmadpanah S J, Optimization of kinetic lumping model parameters to improve products quality in the hydrocracking pro- cess, Brazilian Journal of Chem Eng, Vol 35, pp.757-768, 2018. 7 Dagde K K, Puyate Y T, Modelling and simulation of industrial FCC unit: Analysis based on five-lump kinetic scheme for gas-oil cracking, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications , Vol 2, Issue 5, pp.698-714, 2012. 8 Bhutani N, Ray A K, Rangaiah G P, Modelling, simulation and multi

42500

26001

11775

0.7 1.6

1.1

0.5

0.4

0.2

Dated Brent price (USD)

WLO price/Brent price Net prot Case: T400-WLO20-WCO00-VGO80

WCO price/Brent price

objective optimization of an industrial hydrocracking unit, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research , Vol 45, Issue 4, pp.1354-1372, 2006. Figure 6 Effect of change in (crude oil price/waste oils price) ratio on net profit for the case at 400ºC reactor temperature and 20% WLO, 0% WCO, and 80%VGO Mohamed S El-Sawy is a Hydroprocessing Lead Process engineer at ‘Worley’ with a history of working in the oil and energy industry. He holds a PhD in chemical engineering from the Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University. Email: m.sayed1989@gmail.com Fatma H Ashour is the former Director of the Center of Hazard Mitigation, Environmental Studies, and Research at Cairo University and former chairperson of the Chemical Engineering Dept. at Cairo University. She holds a BSc, MSc and PhD in chemical engineering from Cairo University. Ahmed Refaat is an Assistant Professor at Cairo University/King Salman International University. He has published 12 international publications and 16 conference papers as well as an invited book chapter in Elsevier. Tarek M Aboul-Fotouh is an Associate Professor of Petroleum Refining Engineering in the Mining and Petroleum Engineering Dept. at Al-Azhar University. He holds a PhD in chemical engineering from Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University. Samia A Hanafi is the Professor of Petroleum Refining at Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute. She holds a BSc, MSc, and PhD in chem- ical engineering from Cairo University. She has more than 30 interna- tional publications and supervised more than 20 MSc and 10 PhDs.

LPG

WCO

Naphtha

H Cat.

WLO

Kerosene

Co- h ydroprocessing

VGO

Diesel

Save money and environment

Economic analysis

Experimental work Simulation on existing unit Data validation

Figure 7 Represental graphic

PTQ Q1 2024