Figure 2 CO 2 shipping chain from source to storage
produced from conventionally fossil-fuelled engines and auxiliaries. ABS has extensive experience in working with industry partners to develop solutions for LCO 2 carriers. Approval in Principle (AIP) certifications issued by ABS for various LCO 2 carriers include 20,000 m3, 40,000 m3, 53,000 m3, 70,000 m3, and 73,000 m3 carriers for shipyards in Korea. In China, ABS has issued AIP for LCO 2 carriers of 12,000 m3, 22,000 m3, and 87,000 m3. With the increasing demand for building dedicated LCO 2 carriers to meet CCS and transportation needs, ABS recently released the Requirements for Liquefied Carbon Dioxide Carriers . This is the first publication available in the maritime industry that outlines the requirements for the design, construction, and classification of LCO2 carriers where liquefied CO 2 is carried as cargo. Linking the value chain Understanding emitters and destinations for captured carbon is crucial in analysing LCO2 trading routes. By identifying and prioritising the key trading routes, stakeholders can focus their efforts and resources on implementing projects. There are different categorisations that
may be followed to sort emitters, end users, and sequestration sites, including: Sector-based: Grouping emitters based on sectors such as power generation, industrial processes, transportation, buildings, agriculture, and waste management allows for targeted strategies tailored to the specific characteristics and challenges of each sector. Different sectors may have unique CO 2 emission profiles and technological requirements for CCUS implementation. Regional: Analysing carbon utilisation and sequestration on a regional or geographical basis helps identify hotspots of post-capture carbon processing. Focusing CCUS efforts on regions with high emissions can make a substantial difference in overall carbon mitigation. Additionally, regional categorisation considers factors like population density, industrial concentration, and environmental vulnerabilities, thereby influencing the feasibility and impact of CCUS projects. Fuel source: Distinguishing emitters based on their primary fuel sources such as coal, natural gas, oil, or biomass provides insights into the carbon intensity of various energy systems, as well as the means of carbon utilisation. CCUS infrastructure availability: Categorising
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