Decarbonisation Technology - August 2024 Issue

AVEVA Engineering & ETAP

3rd parties & partners

Design & planning >1 week

Dashboards /reporting

AI analytics

Azure services

Specialist services

2D/3D asset models

APM

APS

AVEVE Unied Operations

Market management >1 min

3rd party modelling

ETAP PS modelling

Market interface

WFMS

SCADAs

Data hub Forecasts

Settlements

Hydrogen process

Ammonia process

Exporter

Generation

‘Hydrogen EMS’ virtual operator

Operations management <1 min

Reporting

Scheduling

Reporting

EMS

Forecasting

MES

DCS

Energy management >1 s Power management <1 s

SCADA

Safety systems

SCADA

Telemetry

SCADA

PPC

PMS

Substation

Sensors

Substation

Electricity, water & hydrogen domains

70km

Export

Wind farm

Substation

‘Buer tank’

Ammonia

Hydrogen

Wind: 1.5 GW capacity BESS: still to be designed

20% MW capacity 10% MWh capacity

Legend SE system SE partner 3rd party

100% renewable enablers System integration Telemetry

100% capacity

Emergency/ standby gen.

Grid

Transmission

Figure 3 Sample control architecture for a green hydrogen project

integrated approach: A control strategy for a green hydrogen project supports an integrated approach and allows the project developer to target these three key elements at early stages: • Safe operations of the plant • Control logic • Operation production forecast. A control strategy can evolve from simple building blocks to complex logic diagrams at different phases of the project. It is paramount to define clear logic at an early stage because operational processes are dynamic in nature and involve inherent variability. This proactive approach not only helps mitigate operational risks but also lays a solid foundation for the subsequent stages of the project, helping to ensure a streamlined transition into the FEED and detailed design phases.  Integrated control architecture overcomes the complexity of interface among various domains: A green hydrogen project must integrate multiple domains such as water, renewable power, green hydrogen itself, and an integrated control architecture. Defining the key control interfaces before FID allows the project developer to specify all the equipment correctly

and validating different scenarios can be cumbersome and challenging.  Co-simulation provides a holistic view: Co-simulation uses technology to model and simulate entire systems using one tool. It combines individual simulations of system parts to achieve a global simulation of the coupled system. Simulation depends on three factors: fidelity, time resolution, and synchronisation. This co-simulation helps ensure that equipment sizing is fully optimised and hydrogen flows. It also helps confirm that the volumes forecasted for the economic model are optimally designed to achieve the lowest LCOE, LCOH, and LCOA in some cases. Using unified power and process simulation tools, it is possible to create a dynamic and transient simulation of key power and process key equipment on an integrated platform. Co- simulations can be combined with artificial intelligence, and first principal modelling can pave the way for real-time, data-driven decision support. Co-simulations can also be used to help develop effective operator training scenarios.  Pre-defined control strategy allows an