Energy management & optimisation
Energy transition
O -taker
H
Hydrogen
Ammonia
Chemical
BESS
Methanol
O H
Chemical manufacturing
Chemical storage
O -taker
Renewable Electricity Electrolyser
H storage
ETAP
AVEVA
Feasibilty study SoW
Process design & modelling by customer Veri cation of the variable process in connection with dynamic H supply
Modelling of the grid Reliability & resilience of the grid / power system Optimisation of island power system & sizing of the BESS
Modelling of the process Reliability & resilience of the electrolysing process Optimisation & sizing of the H storage
Forecast of H ow Volume Speed Pressure etc.
Forecast of ammonia Volume Speed Pressure etc.
Real-time operation
ETAP EMS – ADMS – PSMS
AVEVA ADS / OTS
DCS
AI modelling & training
Figure 2 Green hydrogen business value chain
industry, which was more than $1.7 billion in 2022, is expected to grow by >300% in the next decade ( ResearchNester, 2023 ). However, while green hydrogen has the potential to be a pillar of decarbonisation, there are still questions about its viability as a widespread green fuel solution. Global hydrogen production must be scaled up to meet demand. This requires green hydrogen producers to address issues, such as the challenges of intermittency and availability of renewable power, levelised cost of hydrogen (LCOH), and supply optimisation and production forecast. This article examines how end-to-end modelling and simulation at early stages of the project, as well as different operating scenarios, can impact the cost, design optimisation, and reliability of a green hydrogen project. Green hydrogen is key to decarbonising specific applications From balancing the decarbonised energy system to fuelling cleaner aviation, green hydrogen has a number of significant potential applications in the coming years and decades. To meet net zero objectives by 2050, the energy system needs to switch from high-carbon to low-carbon fuels twice as quickly as it is currently, and doing so will require a lot more green hydrogen.
Increased demand for decarbonising energy- intensive sectors, such as steel manufacturing and heating, will likely provide a much-needed impetus to accelerate its production. Energy efficiency, renewable power, and direct electrification reduce emissions from electricity production and some transportation. However, almost 30% of the economy, comprising aviation, shipping, long-distance trucking and concrete and steel manufacturing, is difficult to decarbonise because these sectors require high energy density fuel or intense heat. Green hydrogen could meet these needs. It can be used either where it is produced or transported elsewhere. Unlike batteries, which are unable to store large quantities of electricity for extended periods hydrogen can be produced from excess renewable energy and stored in large amounts for a long time. Pound for pound, hydrogen contains almost three times as much energy as fossil fuels. A particular advantage of green hydrogen is that it can be produced wherever there is water and low-carbon electricity to generate more electricity or heat. The key building blocks for green hydrogen are renewable generation, energy storage, electrolysis, hydrogen storage, and transport. These blocks play a vital role in determining the Capex/Opex and operational design constraints.
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