While amine-functionalised adsorbents dominate today, MOFs, mixed metal oxides (MMOs), and polymer-hybrid materials are expanding the possibilities. Yet materials alone will not be enough. DAC must become cheaper, more energy-efficient, and fully integrated with CO₂ storage and utilisation, backed by strong policy incentives and carbon markets. The world needs gigaton- scale carbon removal by mid-century, yet today’s capacity remains in the kiloton range. Bridging this gap demands scientific innovation, industrial investment, and bold policy action. The challenge is immense, but so is the opportunity. With continued progress in sorbents, energy integration, and policy frameworks, DAC can transition from an expensive experiment to a scalable pillar of carbon removal, helping transform CO₂ from a crisis into a resource we can manage.
not replace, emissions reductions. The key message is: • Emissions reduction must always come first. DAC is not an excuse to delay decarbonisation. • DAC is essential for addressing historical emissions. Even if the world reaches net zero, DAC will still be needed to remove CO₂ already in the atmosphere. • Transparency and accountability are crucial. Companies investing in DAC must show that they are cutting emissions first and not using DAC as a cover for inaction. Public engagement and clear communication will be critical to ensuring DAC is seen as part of a responsible climate strategy. DAC at a crossroads Once seen as an impractical vision, DAC is now essential in the fight against climate change. With growing climate commitments and breakthroughs in adsorbent materials, the challenge is no longer proving DAC works – it is scaling it quickly and affordably. The key lies in advanced sorbents – materials that efficiently capture CO₂, endure thousands of cycles, and regenerate with minimal energy.
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Dr Vahide Nuran Mutlu vahide.mutlu@socar.com.tr
Decarbonization Through Electrification
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