Decarbonisation Technology - February 2023

force which can be precisely controlled to drive chemical reactions isothermally. It is a sustainable route to capture the DIC using an electrochemical pH-swing route, the in-situ mineralisation via the alkalinisation both from real and synthetic seawater. CLC is a cleaner and more efficient system alternative to conventional combustion using OCs to transfer oxygen. The inherent separation that takes place in the CLC reactors results in a highly reduced internal load of the plant, and hence the CLC technology can compete with other pro- CCS technologies such as oxy-fuel combustion, pre-combustion capture, and post-combustion capture. However, it is not yet mature enough for commercial implementation. The time is ripe to tap into H2’s potential contribution to a sustainable energy system. A recent study evaluated the performance of different VPSA cycles for co-production of CO2 and H2 based on a cycle that was originally developed for a generic three-component stream and intermediate H2 purities. The cycles perform very well for different SMR and ATR syngases, and several cycles can co-produce CO2 at CCS specifications and H2 at purities sufficient for fuel cells for automotive purposes.

amine), Selexol, Rectisol and fluorinated solvents (fluoros). The common current addition is ionic liquids, also known as green solvents, which have shown incredible potential in the absorption of CO 2 and are likewise eco-friendly. The encapsulated room-temperature ionic liquids can be potentially employed in CO2 capture with better results. Some ionic liquids are more specifically used, such as flouros and supercritical CO2. A CO 2 capture technology based on non-dispersive CO 2 absorption and MVR technology employs two imidazolium ionic liquids), [emim][Ac] and [emim][MS], with different behaviour to absorb CO 2. In continuous absorption-desorption trials, the chemical absorbent, [emim] [Ac], showed the highest desorption performance with an MVR efficiency of 92% at 313 K and vacuum pressure of 0.04 bar. The cryogenic CO2 separation procedure utilises the basis of liquid case temperature and pressure variation in component gases of flue gas. In this procedure, cooling and condensation of CO2 occur, then extraction from the flue gases. SES has scaled this technology through several levels, the largest of which captures nominally 1 ton of CO2/day. Among the electrochemical capture methods, pH-swing based approaches leveraging the carbonate equilibrium are most widely studied. An electrochemical pH-swing is induced via electrolysis, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, redox active molecules that undergo PCET or capacitive deionisation. In such systems, the electric potential gradient is the main driving

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