Decarbonisation Technology - February 2022 Issue

Research Council (CSIC) as the host institution. The GTCLC-NEG project is being developed at Instituto de Carboquimica (ICB- CSIC, see Figure 2) from July 2021 to June 2023. The aim of the project is to promote a carbon negative technology capable of burning multiple biofuels derived from biomass and to capture the CO 2 emissions at a very low cost. In this way, there will be negative GHG emissions due to the use of BECCS, a technology that is set to be developed by 2050 according to the IPCC.

Figure 2 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Instituto de Carboquimica, Zaragoza, Spain

The proposed plant is based on the coupling of a chemical looping combustor to a gas turbine, as proposed in Figure 3 . As it can be seen in the proposed plant, the compressed air used to oxidise the oxygen carrier is heated in the air reactor and then heated in the air expanded in a gas turbine to produce electricity. In the fuel reactor, biofuels (in this case, pyrolysis oils)

 Kinetics aspects under high pressure and temperature conditions are unknown  Reactor injection system must be adapted to biofuels  The use of the hot air produced from the air reactor (see Figure 3 ) in a gas turbine has to be optimised; exhausts should be filtered to retain the dust released by oxygen carrier attrition  High electrical efficiency of the power system has to be granted together with high fuel conversion in the combustor. To summarise, one of the most critical aspects of the technology is the operation of the chemical looping combustor at high pressures. Rarely

are used to reduce the oxygen carrier. Possible technical barriers include:

 Suitable metal oxides or bimetallic oxygen carriers are needed  Low attrition rate oxygen carriers that can work in extreme conditions are required

Air Pyrolysis oils CO Oxygen carriers

Liquied CO

Air

Depleted air

HEX1

HEX2

Condenser

MxOy

Pyrolysis oils

Reduction

Oxidation

MxOy-1

Water

CLC

Figure 3 GTCLC-NEG concept