Decarbonisation Technology May 2022 Issue

©2022. The entire content of this publication is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the prior permission of the copyright owner. The opinions and views expressed by the authors in this publication are not necessarily those of the editor or publisher and while every care has been taken in the preparation of all material included the publisher cannot be held responsible for any statements, opinions or views or for any inaccuracies. Earlier this year, the IPCC issued a stark warning that it is now highly probable the average temperature rise will exceed the 1.5°C target set by the Paris Climate Agreement. They stress that we have the knowledge and technology to limit the increase and eventually bring temperatures back down, providing we accelerate actions now. The Decarbonisation Summit intends to add to the momentum for change through a forum where private and public entities can share experiences and build networks, contributing to ‘industrial symbiosis’. operations. Refineries are adapting to renewable hydrocarbon feedstocks and overcoming the challenges of a much more variable feedstock composition. Articles on biomass to liquids, technologies for sustainable aviation fuels, increasing energy efficiency, reducing fugitive and flue gas emissions, and in- process carbon capture illustrate the transformation underway in our industry even as we continue to deliver specification (lower-carbon) fuels for transport and petrochemical feedstocks. This issue coincides with our first Decarbonisation Summit in London on 18-19 May. In the lead-up, we asked for relevant questions online, and where appropriate these will be raised during the debates at the Summit. See the questions: W elcome to the fourth edition of Decarbonisation Technology , which starts with a question, “What is your decarbonisation score?” and goes on to explore industrial symbiosis projects in Sweden, Spain, and Italy. We also focus on the changes underway at the Shell Chemicals and Energy hub in Rotterdam. Carbon capture and storage is one of the drivers for developing new industrial networks, as clearly demonstrated in the US and Europe, where public/private partnerships and supportive policy all play a role in recently announced projects. Carrying on the theme of new ways of doing things, we take an in-depth look at delivering the Global Methane Pledge. We consider emerging opportunities to use biomethane and waste-to-fuels to reduce methane emissions from agriculture and municipal waste before focusing on initiatives to reduce methane from oil and gas operations. Reducing methane emissions represents low hanging fruit from both an economic and technology maturity perspective. The potential to convert methane into natural gas to produce turquoise hydrogen is an emerging technology alongside green hydrogen in developing the hydrogen economy. Hydrocarbon chemistry is at the heart of all refining

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Cover Story Shell Pernis refinery, Rotterdam, Netherlands Credit: Photographic Services, Shell International Limited