performance. This information is also use- ful when analysing individual reactor perfor- mance and PM losses. • Understanding contractual nuances: Many companies overlook the techni- cal intricacies of PM recovery contracts, which often contain unique terms and con- ditions. Misinterpretation of these contrac- tual details can result in significant revenue losses. It’s crucial to recognise that expenses related to transportation, PM refining ser- vices, and third-party representation pale in comparison to the inherent value of precious metals. Neglecting to consider contract spe- cifics can prove more costly than the catalyst reclamation itself. Key contractual elements that can significantly impact metal value returns or increase costs include: • Splitting limit: This defines the maximum acceptable discrepancy between buyer and seller analytical results. If results fall within this limit, the average is calculated for transaction purposes. Exceeding the limit necessitates a control sample sent to a third-party lab for resolution, known as the ‘umpire’. Standard industry practice dictates a splitting limit of 1% relative, but less scru- pulous refiners may attempt to raise this to 5% or even 10%, risking substantial finan- cial compromise. A 1% limit mitigates risk and enhances analytical accuracy by dem- onstrating sample consistency and compel- ling labs to replicate each other’s findings. • Lot size limitation: Implementing limits on the monetary value within individual assay lots supports control and risk management. Excessive monetary concentration in a sin- gle lot does not improve laboratory accu- racy. It is advisable for PM refiners to create multiple smaller-value assay lots (for exam-
Control samples can be sent to a third-party lab for resolution if discrepancies are found Recycling prevents waste of precious metals
assay exchanges and maintain thorough records to evaluate third-party lab perfor- mance. Ideally, only about 10% of exchanges should require umpire involvement. • Shipping and hazardous classification: While outsourced handlers can aid, ensure experts internally and externally manage liabilities and transport expenses, espe- cially for shipments classified as hazardous. • Spent catalyst condition: Share condi- tion reports with your engineering team to uncover insights for process enhancements and equipment maintenance. • Precious metal refiner selection: Conduct rigorous due diligence, ensuring adherence to regulatory, safety, and envi- ronmental standards through audits and documentation review. • Documentation: Maintain comprehensive spreadsheets for each PM catalyst unit,
ple, €500,000) rather than fewer larger- value lots to account for standard deviation and repeatability. • Penalties and hidden charges: Some PM reclaimers include penalties in contract fine print based on powder levels, carbon con- tent, or minute quantities of other elements in spent catalyst shipments. These penal- ties can exceed €40,000 per instance if cli- ents are unaware of these risks. To sum up these key action points for safeguarding your profits: • Contractual details: Understand the dis- tinct terminology in PM reclaim contracts and meticulously review all provisions. • Third-party oversight: Consider engag- ing witnesses for reclamation and possibly representation for catalyst manufacturing processes and reactor loading/unloading. • Third-party laboratory: Comprehend
tracking usage, historical recovery, vendor performance, and precise precious metal location. In conclusion, ensuring responsible recy- cling practices are upheld combats unethi- cal behaviour and waste in the PM industry. Comprehensive knowledge of financial prior- ities, employee education, and establishment of internal best practices for catalyst lifecy- cle management are crucial. Understand the processes and verification of how materials are sampled and treated. Above all, main- tain clear understanding and transparency in business relationships. At Sabin, we prioritise long-term wis- dom and meaningful innovation. To explore further insights into precious metals and related topics, visit www.sabinmetal.com.
Contact: bcook@sabinmetal.com
Welded Plate Heat Exchangers
Learn more by visiting www.nexson-group.com
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