Yield toluene, wt%
Mass balance, wt%
Conversion, vol%
Reactor n
Mean
Std Dev
n
Mean
Std Dev
n
Mean
Std Dev
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7
90.23 91.08 89.60 89.64 90.81 91.76 91.28 90.43 91.48 92.16 91.25 90.10 92.09 92.98 93.65 92.33 1.16
0.53 0.48 0.46 0.41 0.64 0.50 0.39 0.44 0.60 0.49 0.72 1.20 0.57 0.54 0.30 0.69
8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7
100.05 100.96 99.32 99.32 100.56 101.55 101.02 100.08 101.37 102.08 101.12 99.85 101.94 102.83 103.60 102.22
0.55 0.50 0.48 0.46 0.66 0.53 0.42 0.49 0.64 0.51 0.78 1.32 0.63 0.58 0.31 0.77
8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 7
97.373 97.465 97.481 97.498 97.413 97.495 97.483 97.492 97.453 97.475 97.443 97.462 97.450 97.515 97.463 97.412 0.037
0.005 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.009 0.007 0.008 0.006 0.008 0.008 0.015 0.018 0.014 0.012 0.008 0.014
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Std Dev
1.23
Table 3 Statistics of the testing data with TOS of 47 to 72 hours
99%. Reactor-to-reactor variation remained low across all runs, confirming both repeatability and uniformity of operation. These results support the suitability of the Flowrence platform for early- stage catalyst screening and kinetic studies. The campaign confirmed the importance of controlled operation and system design when handling reactive hydrocarbons and trace byproducts like benzene. Successful completion of both mechanical and chemical acceptance testing further confirms the system’s readiness for reliable operation in a laboratory or pilot environment. Overall, these results provide a solid basis for further development of MCH dehydrogenation processes. Avantium can support process optimisation, including extending catalyst stability. Additionally, integration with downstream hydrogen purification and evaluation of process economics to assess scale-up potential will be required. VIEW REFERENCES Tiago Vilela Tiago.Vilela@avantium.com
wt%) is consistent with the H 2 added to the feed steam (0.80 wt%). Table 3 shows the statistical analysis of the conversion data for the TOS of 47 to 72 hours, specifically Part-3 of the run. For each reactor, seven or eight data points were used for analysis. All the reactors showed stable performance, with relative standard deviation (RSD) <1% for conversion, toluene yield, and mass balance. The data across all 16 reactors are tightly clustered, confirming excellent uniformity. Reactor-to- reactor variation in conversion and selectivity was consistently below 2%, validating the Flowrence XR’s design for uniform flow distribution and thermal control. This is essential for reliable catalyst screening and scale-up predictions. This precision supports the use of the data for kinetic modelling and mechanistic studies. Conclusion This test campaign demonstrates the technical feasibility and operational reliability of MCH dehydrogenation as a hydrogen release pathway within LOHC systems. The use of the Flowrence XR platform enabled parallel testing under tightly controlled conditions, generating consistent and reproducible data across 16 reactors. Conversion trends showed a predictable increase with temperature, reaching full conversion below 400°C while maintaining toluene selectivity above
Graham Ormsby Graham.Ormsby@avantium.com
Lei Zhang Lei.Zhang@avantium.com
www.decarbonisationtechnology.com
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